Seminar Connected and Mobile Systems (Bachelor)

Communication between vehicles open up a new possibilities in automated driving. In research as well as in the automotive industry new concepts and use cases are developed. But in the standardization the choice of communication technology is still highly controversial. The two competitors are decentral ITS-G5 based on IEEE 802.11 and centralized C-V2X based on cellular networks. Compare the technologies that are discussed currently. How do they work? What are their advantages and disadvantages? Also successor technologies are currently in development. How do they improve their predecessors?

• Cooperative intelligent transport systems standards in europe
• IEEE 802.11bd & 5G NR V2X: Evolution of Radio Access Technologies for V2X Communications

Many wireless networks are used in private and non-critical context. Regarding the industrial context, new or different challenges must be faced. What are these challenges and how could they possibly be handled? Pick some examples of wireless communication in the industrial context, name and describe the challenges and show how these challenges are (or can be) addressed.

• A review of industrial wireless networks in the context of Industry 4.0
• Wireless requirements and challenges in Industry 4.0
• Cyber physical systems in the context of Industry 4.0

Almost everybody utilizes mobile computing devices. We willingly trade personal data for convenient digital services.

"Not me! I only use duckduckgo and have a g-free custom ROM installed!"

But are there other means to influence our digital infrastructure or gather data? In 2007, the israeli military supposedly disabled a syrian radar system utilizing a killswitch, integrated in the systems microprocessors. In 2015, spy-chips were found in Amazon cloud servers.

In light of the recent accusations against Huawei, it is time to take a dive into the realm of hardware trojans. Write an overview of possible attacks and known countermeasures. Here are some papers to get you started:

• A Survey of Hardware Trojan Taxonomy and Detection
• Trustworthy Hardware: Identifying and Classifying Hardware Trojans
• Hardware Trojan Attacks: Threat Analysis and Countermeasures
• A Primer on Hardware Security: Models, Methods, and Metrics

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in various scenarios like smart farming or Industry 4.0. The similarity between most WSNs is that the sensor nodes are subject to significant energy constraints.

There are multiple approaches to increase the lifetime of the sensor nodes by either harvesting energy from the environment or minimizing the energy consumption as far as possible. The most energy-consuming part of a typical duty cycle is the communication with other nodes. To minimize the energy consumption during communication different power control techniques have been proposed. What are the general concepts of those techniques? Give an overview about transmission power control techniques and describe one or two in detail.

• Transmission power control techniques for wireless sensor networks
• ATPC: Adaptive Transmission Power Control for Wireless Sensor Networks
• On Power Control for Wireless Sensor Networks: System Model, Middleware Component and Experimental Evaluation

A temporal alignment between network nodes is essential for many algorithms and network protocols. Write an overview of different synchronization mechanisms/strategies and highlight key differences. Start with the classic RFC 5905 (NTP) and move on to more WSN specific protocols.

Here are some papers to get you started:

• NTP
• TPSN
• RBS
• FTSP
• CCS

Especially in densly populated ares, channel congestion can be a challenge in vehicular networks. Due to their decentralized nature, mitigation of that congestion is not easy. The first task is to explain the already standardized approaches, i.e. DCC and Limeric, and compare them. Research further approaches aiming to improve their shortcommings. This may but does not have to include approaches from the celluar domain.

• Comparing LIMERIC and DCC approaches for VANET channel congestion control

Present the idea of the zenoc protocol and compare it with other concepts (e.g. SOAP, URIs in general, and so on).

• http://zenoh.io/download/pdf/zenoh.pdf

With the increasing amount of functionalities in modern vehicles a considerable amount of wires are needed to connect systems and sensors. Wireless technologies with ever increasing performance in throughput, latency and reliability offer great opposites, as wired connections could be replaced to reduce the weight and complexity of the cable harness in vehicles. The task for the seminar is to describe and compare existing approaches and outline the state of the art in wireless Intra-Vehicular Networks with a focus on the technologies used and their performance.

• Design of Wireless Sensor Network for Intra-vehicular Communications
• An empirical performance study of Intra-vehicular Wireless Sensor Networks under WiFi and Bluetooth interference

An Indoor Positioning System (IPS) provides the location of persons or objects to software that can benefit pfrom this information. Every year many new papers in this research area are published. Your task is to collect the most important papers in this area and give an overview on their advances.

Some conferences of interest are:

• WPNC
• IPIN
• IPSN
• INFOCOM